Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Configuration Guide, Release 1.Configuring ISDN PRI Cisco IOS Software Releases 1.Mainline Configuring ISDN PRI This chapter describes how to configure channelized E1 and channelized T1 for ISDN PRI and for two types of signaling to support analog calls over digital lines.This information is included in the following sections Signaling Overview How to Configure ISDN PRI Monitoring and Maintaining ISDN PRI Interfaces How to Configure Robbed Bit Signaling for Analog Calls over T1 Lines How to Configure CAS How to Configure Switched 5.K Digital Dial In over Channelized T1 and Robbed Bit Signaling How to Configure Switched 5.K Services How to Configure E1 R2 Signaling Enabling R1 Modified Signaling in Taiwan Configuration Examples for Channelized E1 and Channelized T1 In addition, this chapter describes how to run interface loopback diagnostics on channelized E1 and channelized T1 lines.For more information, see the How to Configure Switched 5.K Digital Dial In over Channelized T1 and Robbed Bit Signaling section later in this chapter, and the Cisco IOS Interface Configuration Guide, Release 1.For hardware technical descriptions and for information about installing the controllers and interfaces, refer to the hardware installation and maintenance publication for your particular product.To identify the hardware platform or software image information associated with a feature, use the Feature Navigator on Cisco.For more information, see the Identifying Supported Platforms section in the Using Cisco IOS Software chapter.For a complete description of the channelized E1T1 commands in this chapter, refer to the Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Command Reference, Release 1.To locate documentation of other commands that appear in this chapter, use the command reference master index or search online.Signaling Overview Channelized T1 and channelized E1 can be configured for ISDN PRI, synchronous serial, and asynchronous serial communications.Channelized T1 and channelized E1 are supported by corresponding controllers.Each T1 or E1 controller has one physical network termination, but it can have many virtual interfaces, depending on the configuration.In Band and Out of Band Signaling The terms in band and out of band indicate whether various signalswhich are used to set up, control, and terminate callstravel in the same channel or band with voice calls or data made by the user, or whether those signals travel in a separate channel or band.ISDN, which uses the D channel for signaling and the B channels for user data, fits into the out of band signaling category.Robbed bit signaling, which uses bits from specified frames in the user data channel for signaling, fits into the in band signaling category.The most frustrating thing about a phone addiction is that unlike actual substance abuse, the solution is not to stop using it completely.Instead, we have to find.Channel associated signaling CAS, which uses E1 time slot 1.D channel for signaling, fits into the out of band signaling category.Channelized E1 and T1 on Cisco Devices You can allocate the available channels for channelized E1 or T1 in the following ways All channels can be configured to support ISDN PRI.Channelized T1 ISDN PRI offers 2.If none of the selfhelp solutions work for you, contact support choose Photoshop as your product, Choose Activating my product, or serial number issues.B channels and 1 D channel.Channelized E1 ISDN PRI offers 3.B channels and 1 D channel.Channel 2. 4 is the D channel for T1, and channel 1.D channel for E1.If you are not running ISDN PRI, all channels can be configured to support robbed bit signaling, which enables a Cisco modem to receive and send analog calls.Stop Adobe From Checking Serial Number' title='Stop Adobe From Checking Serial Number' />All channels can be configured in a single channel group.For configuration information about this leased line or nondial use, see the Configuring Serial Interfaces chapter in the Cisco IOS Interface Configuration Guide.Mix and match channels supporting ISDN PRI and channel grouping.Mix and match channels supporting ISDN PRI, robbed bit signaling, and channel grouping across the same T1 line.For example, on the same channelized T1 line you can configure the pri group timeslots 1 1.This is a rare configuration because it requires you to align the correct range of time slots on both ends of the connection.See the sections PRI Groups and Channel Groups on the Same Channelized T1 Controller Example, Robbed Bit Signaling Examples, and the ISDN CAS Examples at the end of this chapter.How to Configure ISDN PRI This section describes tasks that are required to get ISDN PRI up and running.This section does not address routing issues, dialer configuration, and dial backup.For information about those topics, see the chapters in the Dial on Demand Routing part of this manual.To configure ISDN PRI, perform the tasks in the following sections Requesting PRI Line and Switch Configuration from a Telco Service Provider Required Configuring Channelized E1 ISDN PRI As required Configuring Channelized T1 ISDN PRI As required Configuring the Serial Interface Required Configuring NSF Call by Call Support Primary 4.ESS Only Configuring Multiple ISDN Switch Types Optional Configuring B Channel Outgoing Call Order Optional Performing Configuration Self Tests Optional See the section Monitoring and Maintaining ISDN PRI Interfaces later in this chapter for tips on maintaining the ISDN PRI interface.See the end of this chapter for the ISDN PRI Examples section.Note After the ISDN PRI interface and lines are operational, configure the D channel interface for dial on demand routing DDR.The DDR configuration specifies the packets that can trigger outgoing calls, specifies whether to place or receive calls, and provides the protocol, address, and phone number to use.Requesting PRI Line and Switch Configuration from a Telco Service Provider Before configuring ISDN PRI on your Cisco router, you need to order a correctly provisioned ISDN PRI line from your telecommunications service provider.This process varies dramatically from provider to provider on a national and international basis.However, some general guidelines follow Verify if the outgoing B channel calls are made in ascending or descending order.Cisco IOS default is descending order however, if the switch from the service providers is configured for outgoing calls made in ascending order, the router can be configured to match the switch configuration of the service provider.Ask for delivery of calling line identification.Providers sometimes call this CLI or automatic number identification ANI.If the router will be attached to an ISDN bus to which other ISDN devices might be attached, ask for point to multipoint service subaddressing is required and a voice and data line.Table 2. 3 provides a sample of the T1 configuration attributes you might request for a PRI switch used in North America.Table 2. 3 North American PRI Switch Configuration Attributes.Attribute. Value.Line format Extended Superframe Format ESF Line coding Binary 8 zero substitution B8.ZS Call type 2. 3 incoming channels and 2.Speed 6. 4 kbps Call by call capability Enabled Channels 2.B D Trunk selection sequence Either ascending order from 1 to 2.B D glare Yield Directory numbers Only 1 directory number assigned by service provider SPIDs requiredNone Configuring Channelized E1 ISDN PRI To configure ISDN PRI on a channelized E1 controller, use the following commands beginning in global configuration mode.Command. Purpose.Step 1 Routerconfig isdn switch type switch type Selects a service provider switch type that accommodates PRI.See Table 2. 4 for a list of supported switch type keywords.Step 2 Routerconfig controller e.Routerconfig controllere.Defines the controller location in the Cisco 7.Cisco 7. 50. 0 series router by slot and port number.Defines the controller location in the Cisco 4.Cisco AS5. 20. 0 universal access server by unit number.Step 3 Routerconfig controller framingcrc.Defines the framing characteristics as cyclic redundancy check 4 CRC4.Step 4 Routerconfig controller linecode hdb.Defines the line code as high density bipolar 3 HDB3.Step 5 Routerconfig controller pri group timeslotsrange Configures ISDN PRI.If you do not specify the time slots, the specified controller is configured for 3.B channels and 1 D channel.The B channel numbers range from 1 to 3.D channel for E1.Corresponding serial interfaces numbers range from 0 to 3.In commands, the D channel is interfaceserial controller number 1.For example, interface serial 0 1.Will fingerprint security really stop thieves hacking High in the eaves of a warehouse in Berlin, a hacker uses a clone of my fingerprint to break into my i.Phone. He can see my personal and work email accounts, photo album, apps and social network accounts.In a series of swift movements, he opens my banking app and uses the same plastic fingerprint to make a payment to a new bank account.I am completely at the mercy of the hacker and it has all been achieved with terrifying speed and proficiency.Digital deception Louise Eccles watches while Ben Schlabs, a security consultant at Security Research Labs in Berlin, starts faking her fingerprint.Thankfully, this is just an experiment.But it is chilling, nonetheless. Download De Hack Aimbot Para Crossfire more. Money Mail has travelled to a research lab in Germany which specialises in cyber security to test the safety of the new techniques banks are using to keep crooks from raiding your accounts.Nearly all the major firms, from Barclays to HSBC, now allow customers to log into their accounts and make payments using so called biometrics instead of passwords.This means using your fingerprints, face, voice, retina and even vein patterns to verify your identity.Most smartphones now offer fingerprint sensors as standard for logging in and its certainly easier than remembering a series of numbers and letters.In response, banks have updated their mobile apps and telephone banking to use biometrics, claiming its safer than traditional passwords because our unique characteristics are harder to hack.But our tests in Germany showed the new fangled verification software can be cracked using everyday household equipment, including a pen and glue, that can be bought for less than 4.We broke into bank apps that are solely protected by i.Phone fingerprint sensors, facial recognition software and also cracked the voice recognition used for telephone banking.The findings are deeply disturbing because, unlike a password or PIN, you cannot swap your voice or fingerprint for a new one if youre hacked.The faked fingerprint is seen here finished and its good enough to fool bank security systems.SAFEGUARDS THAT LEAVE YOU AT RISK Ben Schlabs, a security consultant at Security Research Labs in Berlin, agreed to try to break into my phones fingerprint sensor and apps that use facial and voice recognition not to scare bank customers, but to raise awareness of weaknesses in the technology.Security Research Labs is a respected IT security consultancy and think tank which has worked with some of the worlds biggest companies, including firms listed on Britains FTSE 1.Its experts try to spot security flaws in smartphone apps and payments systems to stop customers becoming victims of fraud.Ben, a 3. 4 year old American, says There is a huge misconception that biometrics only make our devices safer, but they add an extra window into the security wall for hackers to try to get through.There is a huge misconception that biometrics only make our devices safer, but they add an extra window into the security wall for hackers to try to get through.Ben Schlabs, a security consultant at Security Research Labs in Berlin.The good news is that Ben says its unlikely criminals would spend the time and effort cloning fingerprints, irises and voices to target ordinary customers, or carry out attacks on a mass scale.He made it look easy, but in practice, hacking takes in depth knowledge and skill.And so far, no customer has reported losing any money to biometrics hackers.Even if they did, banks say they would always cover losses as they should for all genuine fraud where the customer was not at fault.So for now, those most at risk are likely to be the high profile and wealthy or someone who knows their attacker well enough for them to have access to their body and their phone.Mr Schlabs adds We need to be honest and say biometrics increases convenience and helps not having to remembering so many passwords, but to increase security significantly users would need to type in their password and scan their fingerprint as well.FINGERPRINT CODE CRACKED IN HOURS The process of copying my fingerprint was achieved in less than three hours.The equipment used could all be bought on Amazon for less than 4.Nearly all the major firms, from Barclays to HSBC, now allow customers to log into their accounts and make payments using so called biometrics instead of passwords.This means using your fingerprints, face, voice, retina and even vein patterns to verify your identity.We leave our fingerprints smeared across our touchscreens every day, meaning phone thieves can get hold of them easily.Bens team simply took a picture of the clearest fingerprint they could find on my phone.For best effects, they went into a dark cupboard and used a torch so my fingerprints showed up clearer.We wont reveal exactly how, but that picture was then transferred on to a printed copper plated circuit board the kind hobbyists can buy for 4 for a pack of 1.Amazon. Finally, Bens team painted a cheap polyvinyl acetate glue on to the copper engraving and, after a couple of hours, peeled back the glue to reveal a near perfect copy of my fingerprint.By placing the glue print on his fingertip, Ben was able to press the sensor on my i.Phone. 7 and break into my phone.We tried this on an i.Phone 6. S and an i.Phone 5. S with the same results.Ben says the same trick can be replicated on all smartphones with fingerprint sensors.Ben shows Louise how easy it is for criminals to hack through technologies such as fingerprint ID and face recognition.Using the cloned fingerprint, the hacker was able to enter every mobile banking app I had downloaded to my phone, including Nat.West and Metro Bank.Other banks which use fingerprint technology include HSBC, Barclays and Lloyds.Banks rely on the technology provided by the maker of the phone in this case, Apple.So if the Android or Apple device tells the phone that the fingerprint matches, the bank allows them in.Many banks also allow new payees to be set up and payments sent using fingerprint authorisation.This enabled the lab to send money to a new account from my own bank account.Had this been a genuine attack, it is likely I would have been stung for more than the 1p they transferred.SNARED IN A BLINK OF AN EYE To test facial recognition technology, we downloaded the mobile phone app for UK challenger bank Atom, which lets customers access their savings accounts this way.To set it up, you stare into the camera on your smartphone and the Atom app captures images of your face.While it may be possible to circumvent biometric security in a lab, this is highly technical and very difficult to scale up to make it a widespread problem Katy Worobec, head of fraud at UK Finance.The pretend hackers found several photographs of me on Google and Twitter from my work as a journalist.They downloaded a photograph of my face from Twitter and saved it to their own phone.The Atom app like many others claims to have liveness technology which can distinguish a photograph from a real person.But this often just means the app looks for evidence of the person blinking.When the researchers opened my Atom app, it instructed them to just blink.They held up their phone with the picture of my face from Twitter and ran a pen momentarily in front of it.The app opened, tricked into interpreting the movement as blinking.Other banks developing facial recognition security say they are using even more robust technology.Worrying trend Last year, software firm Adobe launched a programme called Voco, which allows you to record someones voice and get that voice to say phrases which the person may have never said before.Lloyds has struck a deal with Microsofts Windows 1.Hello Service to allow customers to log on to a computer, rather than an app, by showing their face to a camera.This technology uses two cameras to scan a 3.D image of the face, meaning the pen trick would not work.CROOKS CAN EVEN STEAL YOUR VOICEOur voices contain 1.Voice recognition technology can analyse accents, pronunciation, the sounds of someones mouth, tongue, voice box and even breathing.Several UK banks now use this as an option for logging into apps or making payments.For example, the Atom app asks you to repeat the same phrase each time My identity is secure because my voice is my passport.Verify me. Other banks also use this phrase.
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